Patient blood management (PBM) focuses on the treatment of the individual patient and comprises transfusion therapy and pharmacotherapy. PBM involves (a) optimization of the preoperative erythrocyte volume, (b) reduction of diagnostic, therapeutic, or intraoperative blood loss, and (c) improvement of the patient's individual tolerance towards anemia as well as restrictive blood transfusion triggers. The implementation of a formal Preoperative Anemia Management Program (PAMP) may help achieve more consistent PBM. A PAMP can minimize the need for surgical blood transfusion, which has significant physiologic and economic benefits. Such a PAMP can be one element of the Perioperative Surgical Home.