Processing of agricultural materials into food items continuously generates hundreds of millions of tons of biological residues. These residues represent a largely untapped reservoir of renewable biomaterial for generating new biobased products. The Florida citrus processing industry generates about 3.5 - 5 million tons of peel and pulp annually. Citrus residues are notably rich in secondary metabolites, pectin and other carbohydrates. Secondary metabolites include valuable aroma compounds, numerous other oil constituents, and many nonvolatile constituents, in particular flavonoids and hydroxycinnamates. A large number of flavonoid classes are represented and biological activities of many have been evaluated in animals. Commercial products containing citrus bioflavonoids are now widely available as antioxidants, cardioprotective, and anti inflammatory supplements. Pectin is a polysaccharide that can be modified by targeted enzymatic tailoring to incorporate many valuable functionalities, including 1) rheology modifier to allow the suspension of water borne solids via shear thinning properties, 2) improvement of cation exchange properties and 3) new absorbents with increased water binding capacity. Citrus processing wastes also contain residual soluble sugars making them an attractive fermentation feedstock for bioethanol production. The opportunity to generate value-added co-products from renewable, underutilized agricultural residues will add value to crops as well as provide unique new bioproducts for end users. Extraction of value-added functional materials from citrus residues prior to, or following, hydrolysis and fermentation to bioethanol supports a biorefinery concept. Current progress on the application of the biorefinery concept to citrus processing residues will be presented.